Persistent multi-decadal Greenland temperature fluctuation through the last millennium

Characterizing decadal to centennial variability in the equatorial Pacific during the last millennium

[1] The magnitude of sea surface temperature variability in the NINO3.4 region of the equatorial Pacific on decadal and longer timescales is assessed in observational data, state-of-the-art (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project 5) climate model simulations, and a new ensemble of paleoclimate reconstructions. On decadal to multidecadal timescales, variability in these records is consistent with...

The Climate of the Last Millennium

6.1 Introduction We are living in unusual times. Twentieth century climate was dominated by near universal warming with almost all parts of the globe experiencing temperatures at the end of the century that were significantly higher than when it began (Figure 6.1) (Parker et al. 1994; Jones et al. 1999). However the instrumental data provide only a limited temporal perspective on present climat...

Variations in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation over the past millennium

[1] Hydrologically sensitive tree-ring chronologies from Pinus flexilis in California and Alberta were used to produce an AD 993–1996 reconstruction of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and to assess long-term variability in the PDO’s strength and periodicity. The reconstruction indicates that a 50 to 70 year periodicity in the PDO is typical for the past 200 years but, was only intermitten...

Climate Paradigms for the Last Millennium

Atlantic hurricane activity during the last millennium

Hurricanes are a persistent socio-economic hazard for countries situated in and around the Main Development Region (MDR) of Atlantic tropical cyclones. Climate-model simulations have attributed their interdecadal variability to changes in solar and volcanic activity, Saharan dust flux, anthropogenic greenhouse gas and aerosol emissions and heat transport within the global ocean conveyor belt. H...